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Tiger Milk Mushroom
Lignosus rhinocerus

Tiger Milk Mushroom

Lignosus rhinocerus

Dr. Igor I. Bussel, M.D.
Dr. Igor I. Bussel, M.D.

Board-Certified Physician · Medical Reviewer · Last Reviewed February 25, 2026

Latin Name

Lignosus rhinocerus

Research Level

Emerging

Popularity

#28 Ranked

Cited Studies

3 References

Lignosus rhinocerus is a rare polypore fungus of the family Polyporaceae, endemic to tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, particularly Peninsular Malaysia, southern Thailand, and parts of Indonesia. It produces a distinctive fruiting body consisting of a centrally stipitate pileus (cap) arising from a large, underground sclerotium (tuber) that serves as the primary medicinal part. The common name derives from a Malaysian legend that the mushroom grows where tiger's milk has dripped onto the ground. L. rhinocerus has been used by indigenous Orang Asli communities in Malaysia for generations as a traditional remedy for coughs, asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory ailments. The Malaysian government has designated it a national treasure and invested significantly in its research and cultivation. Key bioactive compounds include high-molecular-weight polysaccharide-protein complexes with demonstrated immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-asthmatic properties.

Tiger Milk Mushroom is one of Southeast Asia's most prized traditional medicines, used by Malaysia's indigenous Orang Asli communities for generations to treat respiratory ailments. Its evocative name comes from a Malaysian legend that the mushroom sprouts wherever a tigress's milk falls to the forest floor. In reality, it grows from a large underground tuber (sclerotium) in tropical rainforests, producing a single mushroom with a white cap on a central stalk — a sight so rare in the wild that the Malaysian government has designated it a national treasure.

The primary traditional use of Tiger Milk Mushroom is for respiratory health. Malaysian indigenous healers have prescribed it for coughs, asthma, bronchitis, and general lung support for centuries. Modern research has validated these traditional applications, with studies showing that extracts of the sclerotium have significant anti-inflammatory effects — in some tests comparable to pharmaceutical anti-inflammatory drugs. The mushroom's polysaccharide-protein complexes appear to modulate the immune response in ways that reduce airway inflammation without suppressing overall immune function.

The Malaysian government has invested substantially in Tiger Milk Mushroom research and cultivation. The mushroom was historically so rare that finding a wild specimen was considered a stroke of great fortune. Today, successful cultivation techniques have been developed, making the mushroom available as a commercial supplement. Malaysian researchers have published numerous studies on its properties, and it has become a source of national scientific pride.

Tiger Milk Mushroom supplements are available primarily in capsule and powder form, with the sclerotium (underground tuber) being the part used medicinally. The supplement market is largest in Malaysia and Southeast Asia, but products are increasingly available internationally through online retailers. Typical dosages range from 500 mg to 1,500 mg per day of sclerotium extract.

When selecting a Tiger Milk Mushroom supplement, look for products that use the sclerotium rather than the fruiting body, as the sclerotium is the traditionally used and most researched part. Products from Malaysian manufacturers may offer the most authentic formulations, given the mushroom's cultural and scientific heritage in that country. Third-party testing for identity and purity is important, as the mushroom's rarity has historically made adulteration a concern.

Tiger Milk Mushroom can be combined with other respiratory-supporting supplements like NAC, quercetin, or reishi mushroom for comprehensive lung and airway support. It is also sometimes paired with other immune-modulating mushrooms like turkey tail or maitake. While it remains relatively unknown in Western markets, Tiger Milk Mushroom's strong traditional evidence base and growing modern research make it one of the most promising emerging medicinal mushrooms for respiratory health applications.

🛍️ Top products containing this mushroom

Products with Tiger Milk Mushroom

Verified supplements featuring Tiger Milk Mushroom — ranked by quality and value

Potential Benefits

Respiratory Health 93%

Based on available research evidence

Cough Relief 84%

Based on available research evidence

Immune Support 83%

Based on available research evidence

Anti-Inflammatory 75%

Based on available research evidence

Asthma Support 63%

Based on available research evidence

⚠️ Important: These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. Functional mushrooms are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

Key Compounds

⚗️

Polysaccharides

Complex carbohydrates that may support immune health and gut function.

⚗️

Beta-Glucans

Bioactive compound with potential health benefits. Consult scientific literature for detailed information.

⚗️

Polysaccharide-Protein Complexes

Bioactive compound with potential health benefits. Consult scientific literature for detailed information.

⚗️

Phenolic Compounds

Bioactive compound with potential health benefits. Consult scientific literature for detailed information.

Traditional Use

Tiger Milk Mushroom has been used in traditional medicine systems for centuries, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and other Asian healing practices.

📖 Historical Context: Traditional use does not guarantee efficacy or safety. Modern research is ongoing to validate traditional claims and understand mechanisms of action.

Scientific Research

Emerging

Tiger Milk Mushroom is an emerging area of research with growing scientific interest. Early studies show promise but more research is needed.

Research Areas: Studies have focused on respiratory health, cough relief, immune support, and other potential applications. Results are promising but more high-quality human trials are needed.

Peer-Reviewed References

The following studies have been reviewed and cited by our medical team to support the claims on this page.

1

Tan, C. S., Ng, S. T., Vikineswary, S., Lo, F. P., & Tee, C. S. (2010). Genetic markers for identification of a Malaysian medicinal mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerus (Cendawan Susu Rimau). Acta Horticulturae, 859, 205-210.

This study developed genetic markers for authenticating L. rhinocerus, supporting quality control in the growing commercial market for this traditional Malaysian medicinal mushroom used primarily for respiratory health.

2

Lau, B. F., Abdullah, N., Aminudin, N., Lee, H. B., & Tan, P. J. (2015). Ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacological activities, and cultivation of Lignosus spp. (tiger's milk mushrooms) in Malaysia — A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 169, 441-458.

This comprehensive ethnopharmacological review documented the traditional uses of L. rhinocerus by Malaysian indigenous communities, confirmed its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties through modern pharmacological studies, and described successful cultivation methods.

3

Lee, S. S., Tan, N. H., Fung, S. Y., Sim, S. M., Tan, C. S., & Ng, S. T. (2014). Anti-inflammatory effect of the sclerotium of Lignosus rhinocerotis (Cooke) Ryvarden, the Tiger Milk mushroom. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 14, 359.

This study demonstrated that cold water extract of L. rhinocerus sclerotium significantly reduced inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo models, with potency comparable to the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin, validating its traditional use for respiratory inflammation.

📋 Methodology: References are sourced from PubMed, major mycology journals, and peer-reviewed medical literature. Each entry is reviewed by Dr. Igor I. Bussel, M.D. for accuracy and clinical relevance.

Medical Reviewer

Dr. Igor I. Bussel, M.D.
Dr. Igor I. Bussel, M.D.

Board-Certified Physician · Medical Reviewer

Board-certified physician affiliated with UC Irvine, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, and the UCI School of Medicine. Dr. Bussel reviews all mushroom encyclopedia entries for scientific accuracy, ensuring claims are supported by peer-reviewed research.

Last reviewed: February 25, 2026

Quick Facts

Common Name
Tiger Milk Mushroom
Scientific Name
Lignosus rhinocerus
Research Level
Emerging
Primary Benefits
Respiratory Health Cough Relief Immune Support Anti-Inflammatory Asthma Support
Key Compounds
Polysaccharides Beta-Glucans Polysaccharide-Protein Complexes Phenolic Compounds
Cited References
3 peer-reviewed studies

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